How to Start a Fish Farming Business in India (2024)
India’s increasing demand for seafood and growing export potential make fish farming (aquaculture) a highly lucrative business. With the right planning, equipment, and knowledge, even small-scale entrepreneurs can tap into this booming sector.
1. Market Overview
India is the third-largest producer of fish in the world, contributing significantly to the GDP through fisheries. The government has launched several schemes to promote sustainable aquaculture and rural employment.
2. Types of Fish Farming in India
Freshwater Fish Farming: Ideal for species like Catla, Rohu, Tilapia, and Common Carp.
Brackish Water Fish Farming: Suitable for shrimp, mullet, or milkfish in coastal areas.
Marine Fish Farming: Focuses on high-value species like seabass and cobia in sea cages.
Integrated Fish Farming: Combines fish farming with poultry, dairy, or agriculture for added income.
3. Steps to Start Fish Farming in India
Step 1: Business Planning
Decide on the type of fish based on location and demand.
Choose between pond-based, tank-based, or RAS (Recirculating Aquaculture System).
Determine land size, investment, and scale of operations.
Step 2: Legal Registration
Register your business under MSME/Udyam.
Get required licenses from the Department of Fisheries.
Apply for FSSAI registration, if selling processed fish.
Step 3: Land and Pond Preparation
Select land with clean water access.
Construct ponds or tanks with proper drainage and aeration.
Step 4: Fish Seed & Feed Procurement
Source high-quality fingerlings from certified hatcheries.
Invest in protein-rich and species-specific fish feed.
Step 5: Daily Maintenance
Monitor water quality, oxygen levels, and feeding schedules.
Regularly remove waste and check for diseases.
Step 6: Harvesting & Selling
Harvest at full growth (usually 6–8 months).
Sell to local markets, wholesalers, or export buyers.
4. Initial Investment and Profit Estimate (2024)
| Item | Estimated Cost (INR) |
|---|---|
| Land & Pond Setup | ₹1,50,000 – ₹3,00,000 |
| Fish Seed (Fingerlings) | ₹10,000 – ₹20,000 |
| Feed & Supplements | ₹30,000 – ₹60,000 |
| Equipment & Aerators | ₹50,000 – ₹80,000 |
| Labour & Maintenance | ₹20,000 – ₹40,000/month |
| Total Investment | ₹3,00,000 – ₹6,00,000 |
| Expected Returns | ₹5,00,000 – ₹10,00,000 |
Note: Profitability depends on fish type, scale, and market access.
5. Government Schemes for Fish Farming
Key Initiatives:
PM Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY): Offers up to 60% subsidy for pond construction and equipment.
NABARD Subsidies & Loans: Loans up to ₹10 lakh for fish farming infrastructure.
6. How Vizzve Finance Helps
Vizzve Finance supports aquaculture entrepreneurs by offering:
Quick approval business loans at competitive rates
Subsidy guidance under PMMSY and NABARD
Access to financial planning tools for fish farming
With Vizzve, your fish farming venture can scale fast and sustainably.
Why This Blog is Trending?
This blog got trending on Google due to:
2024-specific policy updates and schemes
SEO-rich structure with high-intent keywords
Actionable and startup-focused approach
Practical insights backed by Vizzve Finance support
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. Is fish farming profitable in India?
Yes, with the right setup and species selection, fish farming can yield 30–60% profit margins annually.
Q2. Which fish is best for farming in India?
Tilapia, Rohu, Catla, and Pangasius are among the best due to their high growth rate and demand.
Q3. What are the risks in fish farming?
Common risks include disease outbreaks, water pollution, and market price fluctuations.
Q4. Can I get a loan for fish farming?
Yes, institutions like Vizzve Finance and NABARD offer low-interest loans with repayment flexibility.
Q5. How long does it take to harvest fish?
Most commercial fish species are ready for harvesting in 6 to 8 months, depending on feeding and conditions.
Published on : 2nd August
Published by : Selvi
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